It was two of these societies that the philosopher Fichte actually persauded to disband and give their regalia to him.

The Burschenschaften, which originated at Jena In 1816, sought to introduce higher and reformatory ideals.

The famous Wartburg fes tival was held In 1817, on the three hundredth anniversary of Luther s defiance of the Pope, just at the period of Germany s most intense re action after the fall of Napoleon.

The Burschen delegates partook of the sacrament, listened to an oration by a fellow tribesman, RIemann, already knighted by the Iron Cross for bravery in the French wars, who Invoked Luther to hear his vow, In behalf of all, to serve the spirit of truth and justice, to repel invaders, and not to be dazzled by the splendor of the monarch s throne from speaking the strong free word of freedom and Individuality.

In the evening- twenty-eight books, thought to contain tin-German views, were burned, and not long after the Russian court chancellor, Kotzebue, whose book had been burned with the others, to the great scandal of the court, was stabbed by a Burschen theological student.